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Lithium-ion batteries are available in everything - from cell phones to electric vehicles. They are also very efficient in storing energy, which allows you to pack more power in a fairly small battery. But, unfortunately, lithium-ion batteries also have drawbacks - they degrade over time, begin to store less and less energy and are able to light up.
Researchers from TU Wien University of Technology Vienna are trying to solve some of these problems with their new invention. They managed to develop an oxygen-ion battery that can compete with long-life lithium-ion batteries.
The capacity of the new battery does not decrease irrevocably over time. Oxygen-ion batteries can be manufactured without the use of rare cells and non-combustible materials.
The TU Wien team used a ceramic material called zirconium oxide stabilized with yttrium oxide as electrolytes with thin-film electrodes as model cells. The ceramic materials they have studied can absorb and emit twice negatively charged oxygen ions. When electrical voltage is applied, oxygen ions migrate from one ceramic material to another, after which they can be forced to migrate back again, thus generating electric current.
Ceramics are non-flammable, that is, it is unlikely to light up, which often happens to lithium-ion batteries. In addition, there is no need for rare elements that are expensive or can only be extracted in an environmentally harmful way.
Researchers believe that the most important advantage of the new battery technology is its potential durability. "Many batteries have a problem that at some point the charge carriers stop moving," says Alexander Schmid. "Then they can no longer be used to generate electricity and the battery capacity decreases. After many charging cycles, this can become a serious problem."
However, the oxygen-ion battery can be easily regenerated. If oxygen is lost due to adverse reactions, the losses can simply be compensated with oxygen from the surrounding air.
This technology is extremely interesting for energy storage. "If you need a large power battery for temporary storage, such as solar or wind energy, an oxygen-ion battery can be an excellent solution," says Alexander Schmid.
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Researchers from TU Wien University of Technology Vienna are trying to solve some of these problems with their new invention. They managed to develop an oxygen-ion battery that can compete with long-life lithium-ion batteries.
The capacity of the new battery does not decrease irrevocably over time. Oxygen-ion batteries can be manufactured without the use of rare cells and non-combustible materials.
The TU Wien team used a ceramic material called zirconium oxide stabilized with yttrium oxide as electrolytes with thin-film electrodes as model cells. The ceramic materials they have studied can absorb and emit twice negatively charged oxygen ions. When electrical voltage is applied, oxygen ions migrate from one ceramic material to another, after which they can be forced to migrate back again, thus generating electric current.
Ceramics are non-flammable, that is, it is unlikely to light up, which often happens to lithium-ion batteries. In addition, there is no need for rare elements that are expensive or can only be extracted in an environmentally harmful way.
Researchers believe that the most important advantage of the new battery technology is its potential durability. "Many batteries have a problem that at some point the charge carriers stop moving," says Alexander Schmid. "Then they can no longer be used to generate electricity and the battery capacity decreases. After many charging cycles, this can become a serious problem."
However, the oxygen-ion battery can be easily regenerated. If oxygen is lost due to adverse reactions, the losses can simply be compensated with oxygen from the surrounding air.
This technology is extremely interesting for energy storage. "If you need a large power battery for temporary storage, such as solar or wind energy, an oxygen-ion battery can be an excellent solution," says Alexander Schmid.
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